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How does temperature affect the performance of high-temperature batteries?

High-temperature cells, such as solid oxide fuel cells and molten salt cells, are designed to operate at temperatures ranging from 300 to 1000 degrees Celsius. The performance of high-temperature battery can be affected by temperature in the following ways:

Electrochemical reaction: high-temperature batteries rely on electrochemical reaction to generate and store energy. These reactions are temperature dependent, and the reaction rate increases with temperature. Therefore, with the increase of temperature, the performance of the battery can be improved. However, if the temperature is too high, the material of the battery will start to degrade, thus reducing the overall performance of the battery.

Ionic conductivity: high-temperature batteries use solid electrolyte with high ionic conductivity at high temperature. With the increase of temperature, the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte will also increase, which can improve the performance of the battery. However, at very high temperatures, the electrolyte will start to decompose, which will reduce the performance of the battery.

Thermal management: high-temperature battery will generate a lot of heat during operation, which will affect its performance. If the battery temperature is not properly managed, it will lead to thermal runaway, which will lead to battery failure. Therefore, it is very important to design high-temperature battery with effective thermal management system to ensure the best performance.

Material stability: high-temperature batteries use materials that are stable under high temperature. If the temperature exceeds the thermal stability of the material, it will lead to battery degradation and failure. Therefore, it is very important to select materials that can withstand the working temperature of the battery.

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